Introduction to Environmental Science explores key concepts in environmental studies, focusing on the interaction between human activities and natural systems. This course material covers essential topics such as ecosystems, environmental legislation, and the impact of climate change. Ideal for students pursuing environmental science or related fields, it provides a comprehensive overview of the subject. Key themes include the structure of the atmosphere, hydrological cycles, and the importance of biodiversity.

Key Points

  • Covers fundamental concepts of environmental science and ecosystems.
  • Explains the interaction between human activities and the natural environment.
  • Discusses the importance of biodiversity and environmental legislation.
  • Includes detailed analysis of the hydrological cycle and climate change impacts.
Yahaya Mary
46 pages
Language:English
Type:Study Guide
Ecology
Yahaya Mary
46 pages
Language:English
Type:Study Guide
Ecology
131
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Page 1
ESM104 - INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
The term ________ according to Alan Gilpin (1976) in his book entitled “Dictionary of
Environmental Terms” is the region, surroundings or circumstances in which anything exists;
everything external to the organisms.
Environment
The term “environment” according to ________ in his book entitled “Dictionary of
Environmental Terms” is the region, surroundings or circumstances in which anything exists;
everything external to the organisms.
Alan Gilpin (1976)
The term ______according to Alan Gilpin (1976) in his book entitled “Dictionary of
Environmental Terms” is the region, surroundings or circumstances in which anything exists;
everything external to the organisms.
environment
The term “environment” according to Alan Gilpin (1976) in his book entitled ________ is the
region, surroundings or circumstances in which anything exists; everything external to the
organisms.
Dictionary of Environmental Terms
The environment is the________, surroundings or circumstances in which anything exists;
everything external to the organisms.
Region
The environment is the region, ________ or circumstances in which anything exists;
everything external to the organisms.
Surroundings
The environment is the region, surroundings or circumstances in which anything exists;
everything external to the organisms.
The environment is the region, surroundings or circumstances in which anything exists;
everything _________ to the organisms.
External
Page 2
The environment is the region, surroundings or circumstances in which anything exists;
everything external to the_________.
Organisms
The environment or an organism according to him includes:
The purely physical or abiotic milieu in which it exists, e.g. geographical location,
climatic conditions, and terrain
The organic or biotic milieu including non-living organic matter and all other
organisms, plants and animals in the region including the particular population to
which the organism belongs
The ________ is everything external to the organism which effects the fulfilment of that
organism.
Effective environment
The effective environment is everything ________ to the organism which affects the
fulfilment of that organism.
External
The effective environment is everything external to the _________ which affects the
fulfilment of that organism.
Organism
The effective environment is everything external to the organism which affects the _______
of that organism.
Fulfilment
In_________, in spite of much published speeches there is no legislation that clearly defines
environment.
Nigeria
In Nigeria, in spite of much published speeches there is no ________ that clearly defines
environment.
Legislation
In Nigeria, in spite of much published speeches there is no legislation that clearly defines
environment.
True
In the U.S.A and Canada, the general pattern adopted is that of ________
National Environmental Protection Agency (N.E.P.A) 1969
NEPA means__________
Page 3
National Environmental Protection Agency
National Environmental Protection Agency was established in________
1969
Section 1 (c) of the Ontario Environmental Assessment Act (1971), the environment is
defined as follows:
i. Air, land and water
ii. Plant and animal life
iii. The social, economic and cultural conditions that influence the life of man or community
iv. Any building, structure, machine or device or thing made by man
v. Any solid, liquid, gas, odour, heat, sound, vibration or radiation resulting directly or
indirectly from the activities of man
vi. Any part of combination of the foregoing and the inter relationships between any two or
more of them (in or of Ontario)
There are ________ types of environment.
Two
We have natural or________, and man-made or cultural environment.
Physical environment
We have _________or physical environment, and man-made or cultural environment.
Natural
We have natural or physical environment, and _________or cultural environment.
Man-made
We have natural or physical environment, and man-made or________.
Cultural environment
The types of environment are_________, and man-made or cultural environment
Natural or physical environment
The types of environment are natural or physical environment, and ________
Man-made or cultural environment
The _________ refers to non-cultural and non-social environment before the advent of man
on earth.
Natural environment
The natural environment refers to ________and ________before the advent of man on earth.
Non-cultural and non-social environment
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End of Document
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Figures

ESM104 - INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
The factors influencing the composition of the atmosphere include
The biosphere is referred to as the ________

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FAQs

what is Introduction to Environmental Science - ESM104 about

The document 'Introduction to Environmental Science - ESM104' provides a comprehensive overview of environmental science, focusing on the interactions between natural systems and human activities.

  • It covers key concepts such as ecosystems, biodiversity, and environmental policies.
  • The document also discusses the impact of human activities on the environment, including pollution and resource depletion.
  • Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of sustainable practices for environmental conservation.

what are the key topics in Introduction to Environmental Science - ESM104

'Introduction to Environmental Science - ESM104' covers several key topics essential for understanding environmental science.

  • Environmental Systems: Explains how different systems interact, including the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere.
  • Human Impact: Discusses the effects of urbanization, pollution, and climate change on natural environments.
  • Sustainability: Focuses on sustainable practices and policies that can help mitigate environmental degradation.
  • Environmental Legislation: Reviews important laws and regulations aimed at protecting the environment.

how does Introduction to Environmental Science - ESM104 explain ecosystems

The document 'Introduction to Environmental Science - ESM104' offers a detailed explanation of ecosystems and their components.

  • Definition: An ecosystem is described as a community of living organisms interacting with their physical environment.
  • Components: It includes both biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) factors that influence each other.
  • Types of Ecosystems: Various types such as terrestrial, aquatic, and urban ecosystems are discussed.
  • Functions: The document highlights the roles of producers, consumers, and decomposers within ecosystems.

what are the main environmental issues discussed in Introduction to Environmental Science - ESM104

'Introduction to Environmental Science - ESM104' addresses several pressing environmental issues that impact our planet.

  • Climate Change: Explains the causes and effects of climate change, including rising temperatures and extreme weather events.
  • Pollution: Discusses various forms of pollution, including air, water, and soil pollution, and their detrimental effects on health and ecosystems.
  • Biodiversity Loss: Highlights the importance of biodiversity and the threats posed by habitat destruction and species extinction.
  • Resource Depletion: Examines the unsustainable use of natural resources and the need for conservation efforts.

what are the learning objectives of Introduction to Environmental Science - ESM104

The learning objectives of 'Introduction to Environmental Science - ESM104' are designed to equip students with a foundational understanding of environmental science.

  • Students will learn to identify and describe the major components of environmental systems.
  • They will analyze the impact of human activities on the environment and explore sustainable practices.
  • Students will evaluate environmental policies and their effectiveness in addressing ecological issues.
  • Additionally, they will develop critical thinking skills to assess environmental challenges and propose solutions.

how does Introduction to Environmental Science - ESM104 define sustainability

'Introduction to Environmental Science - ESM104' defines sustainability as the ability to meet present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

  • Key Principles: It emphasizes the importance of balancing economic, social, and environmental factors.
  • Practices: Discusses sustainable practices such as renewable energy use, waste reduction, and conservation efforts.
  • Goals: Aims to promote long-term ecological health and resource availability.

what examples of environmental legislation are mentioned in Introduction to Environmental Science - ESM104

The document 'Introduction to Environmental Science - ESM104' mentions several important pieces of environmental legislation.

  • National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA): Established a framework for environmental impact assessments in the U.S.
  • Clean Air Act: Regulates air emissions from stationary and mobile sources to protect air quality.
  • Endangered Species Act: Aims to protect critically endangered species and their habitats.
  • Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA): Governs the disposal of solid and hazardous waste.

what is the significance of ecosystems in Introduction to Environmental Science - ESM104

'Introduction to Environmental Science - ESM104' highlights the significance of ecosystems in maintaining ecological balance.

  • Support Life: Ecosystems provide essential services such as food, clean water, and air.
  • Biodiversity: They support a diverse range of species, contributing to genetic diversity and resilience.
  • Climate Regulation: Ecosystems play a crucial role in regulating climate through carbon storage and oxygen production.
  • Economic Value: They offer resources that are vital for economic activities, including agriculture, forestry, and tourism.

what are the key concepts in Introduction to Environmental Science - ESM104

'Introduction to Environmental Science - ESM104' introduces several key concepts essential for understanding environmental science.

  • Interconnectedness: Emphasizes the interconnected nature of ecological systems and human activities.
  • Carrying Capacity: Discusses the maximum population size that an environment can sustain.
  • Ecological Footprint: Introduces the concept of measuring human demand on natural resources.
  • Resilience: Explains the ability of ecosystems to recover from disturbances.