Chapter 2b focuses on the essential components of computers, detailing hardware and software functions. It explains the roles of input and output devices, including keyboards, mice, and printers, as well as the system unit and memory types. This chapter is designed for students learning about computer architecture and technology. Key topics include the differences between various computer types, such as desktops and laptops, and the importance of understanding binary language. Ideal for beginners and those seeking to enhance their computer literacy.

Key Points

  • Explains the fundamental components of computer hardware and software.
  • Covers various input devices like keyboards, mice, and scanners.
  • Details output devices including monitors and printers.
  • Discusses the system unit, memory types, and their functions.
Desciplined & Sleep
47 pages
Language:English
Type:Textbook
Computer Science
Desciplined & Sleep
47 pages
Language:English
Type:Textbook
Computer Science
396
/ 47
1
Looking at Computers:
Understanding the Parts
CMS For First year
Programs
Chapter 2
2
What Does A Computer Do?
• Computers are data processing devices.
• Computer functions are:
1. Gathers data (users input).
2. Processes data into information.
3. Outputs data or information.
4. Stores data and information.
3
Data vs. Information
• Data:
– Representation of a fact, figure, or idea.
• Information:
– Organized, meaningful data
/ 47
End of Document
396

Figures

data (users input).
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — Data vs. Information
Binary Language
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — How Much Is a Byte?
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — How Much Is a Byte?
1- Notebook Computer (laptops) :
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — Types of Computers (conti.)
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — Types of Computers (conti.)
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — Types of Computers (conti.)
Software
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — Software
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — Software
Software:
Application
Software Categories
Software Categories
Hardware:
Hardware:
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — 2- Computer Hardware
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — Each part of the computer
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — Each part of the computer
• Input devices.
• System Unit .
• Memory.
• Storage devices.
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — What Are The Primary
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — What Are The Primary
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — What Are The Primary
Enable the user to enter information into the
Enable the user to enter information into the
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — 1- Input Devices
standard
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — Keyboards
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — Keyboards
Notebook keyboard.
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — Specialty Keyboards
movement of a mouse pointer on the screen to
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — 1- Optical mouse
2-Trackball
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — 1- Optical mouse
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — 1- Optical mouse
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — 1- Optical mouse
– a small touch sensitive
area at the base of the
track point :
– a small joystick on the
keyboard
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — Laptops use:
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — Laptops use:
Imam - University
– Uses radio or light waves
– Text
– Images
Digital cameras
– Images
Webcam
– Live video
Camcorder
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — Other Input Devices
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — Inputting Sound
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — Inputting Sound
Display)
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — Monitor Types
Nonimpact
Computer Parts - Chapter 2b Updated — Printers
1- Inkjet
images cost effectively
– Popular
images cost effectively
images cost effectively
images cost effectively
images cost effectively
– Faster printing speed
– Less expensive per page
in B&W
– Color lasers are
becoming less expensive
images cost effectively
images cost effectively
images cost effectively
images cost effectively
2- Laser
5. Plotters
printer and fax
printer and fax
printer and fax
– Inkjet or Laser printer
4. Photo printers:
4. Photo printers:
maps and architectural
maps and architectural
– Print oversize images,
maps and architectural
maps and architectural
plans.
- Uses specially coated
paper
maps and architectural
maps and architectural
maps and architectural

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FAQs

What are the main functions of a computer?
Computers serve as data processing devices with four primary functions. They gather data through user input, process that data into information, output the processed data or information, and store both data and information for future use. This cycle of data handling is fundamental to how computers operate, allowing users to perform various tasks efficiently.
What is the difference between data and information?
Data is defined as the representation of a fact, figure, or idea, while information is organized, meaningful data. This distinction is crucial in understanding how computers transform raw data into useful information, which can then be utilized for decision-making and analysis.
What are the two basic designs of computers?
The two basic designs of computers are notebook computers (laptops) and desktop computers. Notebook computers are portable, powered by batteries, and integrate components like keyboards and monitors into a single case. In contrast, desktop computers are stationary and typically referred to as personal computers (PCs), designed for use at a single location.
What are the primary components of a computer?
The primary components of a computer include input devices, output devices, the system unit, memory, and storage devices. Input devices allow users to enter information into the computer, while output devices send processed data out. The system unit houses critical components like the CPU and RAM, and memory is essential for storing instructions and data temporarily.
What types of input devices are commonly used?
Common input devices include keyboards and mice, which enable users to enter information into the computer. Other input devices consist of styluses, scanners, digital cameras, and microphones, each serving specific functions in data entry and interaction with the computer system.
How does the Central Processing Unit (CPU) function in a computer?
The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is often referred to as the 'brain' of the computer. It controls all functions and processes commands and instructions at high speeds, performing billions of tasks per second. This makes the CPU a critical component for the overall performance and efficiency of a computer.
What are the different types of output devices?
Output devices are used to send processed data out of the computer. Common types include monitors, which provide soft copies of information, and printers, which produce hard copies. Each type of output device plays a vital role in how users receive and interact with the information processed by the computer.

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