Cours de Contentieux Administratif by Hamid RBII provides an in-depth exploration of administrative law principles, focusing on the legal framework governing administrative actions and the remedies available for individuals affected by these actions. This course material is designed for law students at Université Mohammed Premier Oujda, specifically for the 6th semester of the Public Law program. Key topics include the principle of legality, administrative disputes, and the distinction between different types of legal recourse available to citizens. The content is structured to facilitate understanding of complex legal concepts and their practical implications in administrative law.

Key Points

  • Explains the principle of legality in administrative law and its significance in a state governed by law.
  • Covers the two main categories of administrative disputes: legality challenges and claims for damages.
  • Details the process of judicial review and the remedies available for individuals affected by administrative actions.
  • Discusses the distinction between restitution and indemnification in the context of administrative law.
Ali bouzid
Author:Hamid RBII
Edition:2020 - 2021
55 pages
Language:French
Type:Lecture Notes
Ali bouzid
Author:Hamid RBII
Edition:2020 - 2021
55 pages
Language:French
Type:Lecture Notes
89
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Cours de contentieux administratif
Droit Commercial (Université Mohammed Premier Oujda)
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Cours de contentieux administratif
Droit Commercial (Université Mohammed Premier Oujda)
Scan to open on Studocu
Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university
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1
Université Mohammed 1
er
- Oujda
Faculté des Sciences Juridiques, Economiques et Sociales
Cours de Contentieux administratif
6
ème
semestre parcours : Droit Public
Hamid RBII
Docteur en droit
Professeur de l’enseignement supérieur
2020 2021
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Chapitre préliminaire : Soumission de l’Administration au droit
Caractéristique d’un Etat de droit, le principe de légalité signifie que les autorités
administratives ne doivent pas seulement agir de la façon la plus rationnelle possible, ou encore
au mieux de ce qui leur paraît être l’intérêt général. Elles doivent respecter un ensemble de règles
établies par les autorités politiques, chargées par la Nation, à la fois de définir le contenu de
l’intérêt général et les modalités de fonctionnement de l’Administration.
Donc l’exercice de la fonction administrative est dominé par le principe fondamental de
la légalité. Ce dernier signifie que les autorités administratives sont tenues, dans les décisions
qu’elles prennent, de se conformer à la loi ou plus exactement à la légalité, c’est-à-dire un
ensemble de règles de droit de rangs et de contenus divers, qui sont fonction, dans chaque cas,
de la place et des compétences de l’autorité administrative qui agit.
L’Administration ne peut fonctionner de manière arbitraire ; elle doit respecter le droit,
elle doit respecter, dit-on souvent, l’ensemble des règles qui forment le bloc de la légalité. Telle
est la substance du principe de légalité.
Ce principe concerne toutes les activités des autorités administratives : d’abord, au
premier chef, les décisions administratives individuelles et les contrats, mais aussi les actes
administratifs règlementaires qui doivent eux-mêmes respecter la légalité.
Donc le grand principe qui domine l’activité administrative est celui de la soumission de
l’Administration à la légalité
lato sensu
; c’est le sens traditionnel de la vielle expression « Etat
légal » ou « Etat de droit ».
En effet, le principe de légalité constitue une limitation du pouvoir administratif. En cela
il est un principe libéral, un facteur de libéralisme dans le régime administratif.
Le principe de légalité, comme quasi-synonyme d’Etat de droit, est repris par le droit
communautaire.
Les limites du principe de la légalité. Politiquement, la théorie de la légalité est le siège
d’un conflit entre deux grands intérêts : l’exigence de garanties au profit des administrés pousse
à velopper à l’extrême la limitation de l’Administration ; mais, à l’inverse, le pouvoir
administratif a besoin de liberté d’action. Cette liberté d’action est assurée au moyen de
techniques diverses, dont l’une est d’une application normale et courante : c’est le pouvoir
discrétionnaire ; alors que d’autres, exceptionnelles, trouvent leur expression dans les théories
des circonstances exceptionnelles et les actes de gouvernement.
On va envisager successivement dans ce chapitre préliminaire, en premier lieu le contenu
du principe de la légalité administrative et ses limites (section 1
ère
), et en second lieu l’objet du
contentieux administratif (section 2
ème
).
Section 1
ère
: Contenu du principe de la légalité
Il faut voir les sources (§ 1) et les limites de la légalité (§ 2).
§ 1 : Sources de la légalité
Ces règles procèdent de sources écrites et des sources non écrites. Par ailleurs, elles sont
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FAQs

What is the principle of legality in administrative law?
The principle of legality is a fundamental concept in administrative law that mandates administrative authorities to act within the confines of the law. It signifies that these authorities must adhere to a set of established rules, which are defined by political authorities and are essential for determining the public interest and the functioning of the administration. This principle limits administrative power, ensuring that actions taken by authorities are not arbitrary but are instead grounded in legal frameworks.
What are the sources of administrative legality?
Administrative legality is derived from both written and unwritten sources. Written sources include the Constitution, organic laws, international treaties, and ordinary laws, which provide a hierarchical framework that governs administrative actions. Unwritten sources consist of customs and general principles of law, which are recognized by jurisprudence as essential for guiding administrative conduct. These sources collectively ensure that administrative actions conform to legal standards.
What are the limits of the principle of legality?
The principle of legality is subject to certain limits, primarily due to the need for administrative authorities to maintain a degree of discretion in their actions. This discretion allows authorities to respond effectively to varying circumstances without being overly constrained by rigid legal frameworks. However, this flexibility must be balanced against the need to protect individual rights and ensure accountability, leading to a tension between the need for administrative freedom and the requirement for legal compliance.
What is the role of the administrative judge?
The administrative judge plays a critical role in the oversight of administrative actions, ensuring that they comply with the law. This judge has the authority to annul administrative decisions that violate legal principles, thus serving as a check on administrative power. The judge's function is not only to assess legality but also to provide remedies for individuals adversely affected by administrative actions, thereby upholding the rule of law and protecting citizens' rights.
What constitutes an administrative act?
An administrative act is defined as a unilateral decision made by an administrative authority that has legal effects on individuals or entities. Such acts can include regulations, permits, sanctions, and decisions that alter the legal status of a person or organization. For an act to be valid, it must meet specific legal requirements, including proper authority, adherence to procedural norms, and alignment with substantive law.
How does the concept of discretionary power function in administrative law?
Discretionary power in administrative law refers to the authority granted to administrative officials to make decisions based on their judgment within a legal framework. This power allows officials to assess situations and choose among various options when implementing policies or regulations. However, the exercise of discretionary power must remain within legal boundaries and cannot be used arbitrarily, as it is subject to judicial review to ensure adherence to the principles of legality and fairness.
What are the consequences of an illegal administrative act?
An illegal administrative act is deemed null and void, meaning it has no legal effect from the outset. The consequences include the obligation for the administration to restore the situation to what it would have been had the act not occurred, often referred to as 'restitutio in integrum.' Additionally, individuals affected by such acts may seek judicial remedies to challenge the legality of the act and obtain compensation for any damages incurred.