European Journal of Research Development and Sustainability (EJRDS)
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confirmed and developed by the opinion of S.I. Ozhegov, who noted in 1953 that lexicography covers the theories of
lexicography, the practice of vocabulary, as well as various types of dictionaries. At the same time, he emphasized
that lexicography should be based on the theoretical provisions of lexicology and, while fulfilling the main task of
codifying the language, together with lexicology, it should not ignore social jargons and professional varieties of
speech.
His last remark brings us closer to three areas of modern linguistics: 1) developed abroad and, at present, in
domestic linguistics "lexicology of lexicography" 10, "socio-lexicography" 11. In his article "On some questions of the
theory of Russian lexicography", published in 1956, V.V Vinogradov, in the very title of this work, recognized the
legitimacy of the existence of theoretical lexicography, while he stressed that in the theory of lexicography, one
should not separate lexicologies from grammar , will study all the complex types of interaction of these sciences.
This once again speaks in favor of the development of the above complex disciplines, including the grammar of
lexicography in their number. In the TSB from 1973 there is a separate rather extensive article on the term
lexicography, compiled by V.G. Gak, in which the latter is scientifically and linguistically defined as "a section of
linguistics dealing with the practice and theory of compiling dictionaries." Thus, by the last quarter of the 20th
century in Russian linguistics, lexicography was firmly entrenched as an autonomous linguistic science, and the term
"lexicography" itself began to denote two linguistic entities: 1) the practice of compiling dictionaries and 2) the theory
of their compilation, which, in fact, reflects the disciplinary structure of this independent science that had developed
by that time, although it was not yet designated by the corresponding modern terms combinations - "applied
lexicography" and "theoretical lexicography". Moreover, this article briefly outlines the "general" history of the
formation of practical lexicography and provides a brief information on theoretical lexicography with references to the
works of well-known domestic and foreign theorists. Problems of substandard lexicography of the Uzbek and Russian
languages: Very important for our research is the statement of V.G. Gaka that Russian theoretical lexicography was
formed in the second third of the XX century, at least as the first scientific typology of dictionaries, developed by L.V
Shcherba in the article "Experience of the General Theory of Lexicography" published in 1940.14. It received its
further development in the works of both domestic and foreign linguists in Czechoslovakia, France, the USA and other
countries. The modern (for 1973) level of the theory of lexicography is characterized, according to V.G. Gak, by the
following three distinctive features: 1) the concept of vocabulary as a system, which is manifested in the desire to
reflect in the construction of an explanatory dictionary not only the lexico-semantic structure of the corresponding
the language as a whole, but also the semantic structure of an individual word, in particular, by highlighting the
meanings of words by their connections with other words both in the text and within semantic fields; 2) a dialectical
view of the meaning of a word, which is manifested in the account of the mobile communication of the signifier and
the signified in a verbal sign and which is reflected, in particular, in the desire to note in the dictionary entry the
shades and transitions in the meanings of words, their use in speech; 3) recognition of the close connection of
vocabulary with grammar and other aspects of the language. At the same time, the statement that lexicography is
connected not only with lexicology, the problematics of which receives its specific refraction in lexicography, is
indicative and fruitful for us, but also with all other branches of linguistics. In the "Dictionary-reference book of
linguistic terms" by D.E. Rosentali and M.A.Telenkova, the interpretation of lexicography proposed in the dictionary by
O.S. Akhmanova and in the TSB is, as it were, generalized: "lexicography ... 1. The section of linguistics dealing with
the compilation of dictionaries and studying them. 2. Collecting words of any language, bringing them into the
system and publishing them in the form of dictionaries. 3. Collections of dictionaries of a general or special type ”16.
There is no mention of theoretical lexicography here, but the interpretation of its applied aspects is expanded. The
previous definition is almost completely repeated in the “Concise Linguistic Dictionary” by G.A. Nezhaev, where
lexicology is “1. The section of linguistics, which deals with the development of issues in the theory of compiling
dictionaries, for example: scientific substantiation of the types, volume, composition of dictionaries, the principles of
the arrangement of words in dictionaries, the principles of constructing dictionary entries, etc. 2. Work on collecting
and describing words of a language, according to bringing them into the system and editions in the form of a
dictionary. 3. Collections of dictionaries of some language or some branch of knowledge. " In fairness, it should be
noted that there is an emphasis on theories and expanded interpretations of other aspects of this science. In the
book “Russian language. Encyclopedia ”there is a very extensive article, built on the model of the corresponding
article in the TSB, the author of which is R.M Seitlin. Here lexicography is defined as "a section of linguistics, theory
and practice of compiling dictionaries." This brief definition very successfully reveals the essence of this concept from
the three named positions. True, although the rest of this article is devoted specifically to the historical review of
dictionaries, this article does not contain another important part - it is the collection of dictionaries of the given
language. In the second edition of this encyclopedia, the interpretation of this term in the article by the same author
is fully preserved. This testifies to the established by the end of the XX century. and an almost traditional
understanding of lexicography in Russia. In his article "On the volume and content of the concept of" theoretical
lexicography "" V.V. Morkovkin proposed the following "most general", in his words, the definition of the concept of
"lexicography": this is "the field of philological and engineering-philological activity, consisting in the creation
dictionaries and other works of a dictionary type, as well as in comprehending the entire amount of problems related
to this ”. Further, he, nevertheless, structured this generalized definition, presenting the concept he defines in the
following scheme (see Table 1).
