Biotechnology Principles and Processes explores essential concepts and techniques in biotechnology relevant for Grade 12 students. This resource covers topics such as genetic engineering, bioreactors, and recombinant DNA technology. It provides detailed explanations and applications of biotechnological methods, making it suitable for students preparing for exams. The document serves as a comprehensive guide for understanding the principles and processes involved in modern biotechnology.

Key Points

  • Covers key concepts in biotechnology for Grade 12 students.
  • Explains genetic engineering techniques and their applications.
  • Details the use of bioreactors in biotechnological processes.
  • Includes information on recombinant DNA technology and its significance.
Dr.Dharshan Bose
8 pages
Language:English
Type:Past Paper
Biotechnology
Dr.Dharshan Bose
8 pages
Language:English
Type:Past Paper
Biotechnology
405
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VELAMMAL NEET & IIT ACADEMY
1. Read the statements about gene gun method
I. This method is also known as biolistic
II. In this method, cells are bombarded with high velocity micro-particles of
gold or tungsten coated with DNA
III This method is suitable for plants
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(A) I and II (B) I and III (C) II and III (D) I ,II and III
2. I. DNA being a hydrophilic molecule cannot pass through cell membranes
II. The bacteria should be made competent to accept the DNA molecule
The correct option regarding the above statements is
(A) I is true, but II is false (B) II is true, but I is false
(C) I & II are true (D) I & II are false
3. Which of the following steps are involved in the process of recombinant
biotechnology? Arrange in correct order
I. Extraction of the desired gene product
II. Isolation of a desired DNA fragment
III. Culturing host cells in a medium at large scale
IV. Ligation of the DNA fragment into a vector
V. Transfer of recombinant DNA into the host. Correct order is
(A) I, II, III, IV & V (B) III, II, IV, V & I
(C) II, IV, V, III & I (D) I, IV, V, III & II
4. Consider the following statements
I. In microinjection method, recombinant DNA is directly injected into the
nucleus of an animal cell.
II. Microinjection method is used in oocytes, eggs and embryo.
III. Electroporation is the formation of temporary pores in the plasma
membrane of host cell by using biolistics.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(A) I & II (B) I, II & III (C) II & III (D) I & III
5. Stirred-tank bioreactors have been designed for
(A) Purification of the product (B) Addition of preservatives to the product
(C) Availability of oxygen throughout the process
(D) Ensuring anaerobic conditions in the culture vessel
6. Which of the following method is used to introduce foreign DNA into host cells?
(A) Gene gun method (B) Gel electrophoresis
(C) Elution (D) Extension
7. A and B are two different colonies of bacteria. After undergoing recombination, A
produces blue colonies while B produces white colonies.
Find out the correct statement.
(A) Colony 'B' has recombination bacteria which show insertional inactivation.
(B) Colony 'A' has recombinant bacteria having gene of interest.
(C) Colony 'B' has non-recombinant bacteria having functional lacZ gene.
(D) Colony 'A' has non-recombinant bacteria having non functional lacZ gene.
8. Increased surface area for oxygen transfer is a feature found specifically in:
(A) Simple stirred tank bioreactor (B) Sparged stirred-tank bioreactor
(C) All stirred tank bioreactors (D) All bioreactors have this property
9. Continuous culture is
(A) DNA and protein getting expressed continuously
(B) Used medium is drained out and the fresh medium is added from another
side
(C) Cells are producing protein for one week continuously
(D) Production of recombinant DNA is continuous without interference
10. Continuous culture has
(A) Cells in their physically active phase (B) Lag phase
(C) Both (1) & (2) (D) Exponential phase
11. After completion of biosynthetic stage, the product has to be subjected through a
series of processes before it is ready to be developed as a finished product. This
series of processes is called:
(A) Upstream processing (B) Downstream processing
(C) Elution (D) Insertional inactivation
12. Downstream processing includes
(A) Separation (B) Purification
(C) Both (1) & (2) (D) Quality control testing
13. The components of bioreactor are
I. An agitator system II. An oxygen delivery system
III. Foam control system IV. Temperature control system
V. pH control system VI. Sampling ports to withdraw cultures periodically
Choose the correct option
(A) I, II, III, IV and V (B) II, IV, V and VI
(C) I, II, III, IV and VI (D) All of the above
14. Which of the following is not a component of downstream processing?
(A) Preservation (B) Expression (C) Separation (D) Purification
15. What is the role of DNA ligase in genetic engineering?
(A) Cutting DNA (B) Synthesising DNA
(C) Joining DNA fragments (D) Replicating DNA
16. Which of the following is used as a selectable marker in genetic engineering?
(A) Genomic DNA (B) Ampicillin resistance gene
(C) Tetracycline resistance gene (D) Both (B) and (C)
17. Plasmids present in the bacterial cells are;
(A) linear double-helical RNA molecules.
(B) linear double-helical DNA molecules.
(C) circular double-helical RNA molecules.
(D) circular double-helical DNA molecules.
18. The DNA molecule to which the gene of interest is integrated for cloning is
called;
(A) vector. (B) ligase. (C) template. (D) transformer.
19. The process of introducing recombinant DNA into bacterial cells is called;
(A) microinjection. (B) transformation. (C) spooling. (D) elution.
20. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
(A) Genetic engineering includes techniques to alter the chemistry of genetic
material.
(B) Asexual reproduction preserves the genetic information.
(C) Traditional hybridisation procedures often lead to the inclusion and
multiplication of undesirable genes along with the desired genes.
(D) Sexual reproduction does not permit variation.
21. The plasmid;
(A) is the genetic part in addition to DNA in microorganisms.
(B) is a component of the cell wall of bacteria.
(C) genes found inside the nucleus. (D) helps in respiration.
22. Which of the following techniques can be included under biotechnology?
(A) Gene cloning (B) Gene transfer
(C) Developing a vaccine (D) All of these
23. The term “recombinant DNA” refers to;
(A) DNA of host cell. (B) DNA with a piece of foreign DNA.
(C) DNA with selectable markers.
(D) DNA with more than one recognition site.
24. Which of the following is not a component of a PCR reaction mixture?
(A) DNA template (B) Deoxyribonuclease
(C) DNA primers (D) Taq polymerase
25. Which bacterium is known for its natural ability to transfer genes to plants?
(A) Escherichia coli (B) Bacillus thuringiensis
(C) Agrobacterium tumefaciens (D) Streptococcus pneumoniae
26. Which of the following are correct about EcoRI?
I. Cut the DNA with blunt end II. Cut the DNA with sticky end
III. It is an endonuclease IV. Recognise the sequence GGATCC.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
(A) II, III and IV only (B) I, II and III only
(C) I and III only (D) II and III only
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FAQs

what is biotechnology principles and processes about

Biotechnology Principles and Processes focuses on the techniques and methods used in biotechnology, including genetic engineering, fermentation technology, and bioprocessing.

  • It covers the basic principles of molecular biology.
  • Explains the applications of biotechnology in agriculture, medicine, and environmental science.
  • Discusses ethical considerations and regulatory frameworks in biotechnology.

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The key concepts in Biotechnology Principles and Processes include genetic modification, bioreactors, and recombinant DNA technology.

  • Genetic Modification: Techniques to alter the genetic makeup of organisms.
  • Bioreactors: Systems used for growing organisms under controlled conditions.
  • Recombinant DNA Technology: Methods to combine DNA from different sources.

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To excel in Biotechnology Principles and Processes exams, focus on understanding core concepts and practical applications.

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Biotechnology Principles and Processes have numerous applications across various fields.

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Important formulas in Biotechnology Principles and Processes include those used in calculating concentrations and yields in bioprocesses.

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Examples of Biotechnology Principles and Processes include the use of CRISPR for gene editing and fermentation processes in brewing.

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Ethical considerations in Biotechnology Principles and Processes involve the implications of genetic modification and biotechnological research.

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